Descend below MDA/DA is allowed only if which conditions are met?

• A. A descent to landing on the runway can be made at a normal rate of descent using normal maneuvers
• B. Flight visibility is not less than the minimums published
• C. At least one visual reference must be identified
• D. All three conditions must be met

Answer: (D)

When you’re on an instrument approach that ends at an MDA or DA, you may descend below that altitude only if you meet three conditions: you’re in a position from which a normal descent to the runway can be made using standard maneuvers, your flight visibility is at least the published minimums, and you have identified the required visual references to the runway environment (such as the runway itself, lights, or markings) that allow you to continue to a normal landing.

The first condition ensures you’re aligned and established in a path that leads to a standard landing, not a situation requiring abnormal or extreme maneuvers. The second guarantees you can actually see enough to safely complete the approach. The third provides the actual visual cues needed to verify the runway and maintain a continuous, stabilized descent to land. If any of these isn’t met, you should remain at or above the MDA/DA.